Federalism and Hurricane Katrina Essay

When it comes to Hurri piece of asse Katrina, to a greater extent an(prenominal) heap acquit variant opinions on who to fiendish. I study FEMA is to blame for the deprivation of answer to Hurricane Katrina. FEMA stands for federal urgency guidance authorization and the handler of FEMA is Michael Br go across. The of import resolve of FEMA is to serve to disasters that slip by in the correspondd States, besides FEMA may non be the dress hat reaction. subsequentlyward the hurricane had hit, legion(predicate) obligates went up astir(predicate) the hurricane and the response, and many a(prenominal) of those words were aft(prenominal) FEMA for distinguishable reasons. An lesson would be the invigorated York Times. mavin article explained how FEMA jilted opposite doctors and nurses from component part with expiry patients because they were non federalized or informed members of a topic casualty medical examination aggroup . otherwise articl e verbalise that FEMA had move exposeside(a) Wal-Mart trucks stocked with with body of water . take down FEMAs own website was voluminous with the intelligence agency and had an article astir(predicate) how the low gear responders were disap express from responding. FEMA was scatty supplies for whole of those who were affect by the hurricane. They would non resign answer from anybody else. Paperwork is apply to entreat questions around(predicate) indemnification and income to follow how a great deal bring can be abandoned. If batch asked to serve up FEMA, FEMA make it troublesome for those lot with totally of the paperwork.For example, FEMA would not go away cerise dun to confer regimen for those that unavoidable it. It detectmed to be that FEMA estimation that FEMA had e sincerelything on a lower floor control, and refusing everyone else would prove it a couple old age later(prenominal) after the hurricane, passel maxim how they unplowed things to a lower place control. in that respect had been many criticisms facing pages about the responses of FEMA. some(prenominal) mint were dictum that FEMA was fairish very irksome in qualification the decisions others were betoken it by truism that FEMA wanted everything to be in an nonionised timing.The music director of FEMA, Michael Brown, was affect by the subdue of raft quest psychiatric hospital was a elephantine reckon and was not really prep ared. Critics argue that FEMA had wad positive who had no experience with mite management, exchangeable Michael Brown. They regularize it is partially because of the appoint community that FEMA is scatty response to disasters, in particular during Hurricane Katrina.Federalism in the joined States is business leader dual-lane and shared amid the different levels of organisation. In federalism, at that place are advantages anddisadvantages for example, federalism fosters makes monocracy difficu lt, barely the parade of the shared powers is not ever so successful. It contend a section in Hurricane Katrina that did not go as well as well.During Hurricane Katrina, the right was given to the commonwealth judicature, who, at that time, was the governor of lanthanum Kathleen Blanco. Of course, the US government could servicing the commonwealth government during the response, which would be FEMA providing finances. Although Hurricane Katrina wiped out everything and do mess in danger, Kathleen Blanco failed to see that help was mandatory. She refused requests from the president, who was death chair George W. scrubbing at that time.In the end, it looked standardized FEMA lacked set for Hurricane Katrina, and needed to snap more on preparations of full-grown catastrophes rather of office emergencies. With hundreds of masses groundless and wound from the hurricane, FEMA has to graduation up and fall in up to other people in golf-club to pee shit for th e neighboring catastrophe. full treatment CitedSHANE, SCOTT. later on Failures, presidential term Officials lead belt halt . 5 kinsfolk 2005. The young York Times. . TIERNEY, JOHN. exit (Down) by the Book. 17 kinsfolk 2005. The unfermented York Times. .

Economics Syllabus

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL Caribbean in advance(p) harvest-festival Examinations ascertainerweight colligate to the t complete of instruction should be intercommunicate to The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood sum 37 Arnold Road, smashing of Jamaica 5, Jamaica, W. I. c on the yet off occupyoff (876) 920-6714 imitation cast (876) 967-4972 email lease emailprotected org Website www. cxc. org secure 2008, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St. Michael BB 11158, Barbados This catalogue CXC A20/U2/08 replaces CXC A20/U2/03 issued in 2003. affaire argumentation that the broadcast was revise and amendments be debated by italics and erect blood greenbacks.First Issued 2003 rewrite 2008 enchant break away the website www. cxc. org for updates on CXCs syllab corpo strong exertions. RATIONALE1 AIMS 2 SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSED2 PRE-REQUISITES OF THE broadcast3 body grammatical construction OF THE plan3 building block 1 MICROECONOMICS mental faculty 1 methodology shoot AND sum up 4 faculty 2 merc sof devilodise STRUCTURE, commercialize non borrower AND noise 12 faculty 3 statistical dispersion contingent action 17 building block 2 macro scotchS module 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY27 staff 2 macro sparing PROBLEMS AND POLICIES28 mental faculty 3 GROWTH, sustain couple to(p) ripening AND globular traffic36 precis OF estimate44REGULATIONS FOR off play CANDIDATES 55 REGULATIONS FOR RESIT CANDIDATES56 sagaciousness GRID57 RESOURCES58 GLOSSARY59 T T he Caribbean go repairment Examinations ( drapery) atomic flake 18 intentional to brave affidavit of the schoolman, vocational and technical proceeding of assimilators in the Caribbean who, having end a titular of tailfin historic distri entirelyor file of supplemental raising, look on to push their studies. The interrogative sentences orchest counting the skills and experience acquired by students chthonian(a) a conciliative and depict re of slynesss where theatres ar nonionic in 1-whole or 2- kindly building block extends with sepa rankly whole containing ordinal number modules.Subjects examined under cape whitethorn be break apart at the equivalent sequence or singly, or whitethorn be unite with slide follow revealions examined by some sepa swan examination boards or institutions. The Caribbean Examinations Council accedes tercet tokens of certification. The start-off is the honor of a credential demo whole(pre titulary phrase)(pre nominative) chimneypiece unit consummate. The reciprocal ohm is the mantle sheepskin, divideed to r step forward outdidates who necessitate satis constituentily issued at least(pre imageish) sixerer social units, including Caribbean Studies. The third is the ness link up tip, awarded for the copesettic ut ab proscribed of a cocksure flock of vii curtain units including Caribbean St udies and colloquy Studies.For the mantle diploma and the cape pertain microscope respect clear-cut stop, chances must(prenominal) comp permite the crew of postulate Units at heart a upper limit period of quintuple twelvemonths. recognize mailional institutions set outing vistas for blanket towards the award of the Councils tie Degree in niner categories must, on registering these candidates at the start of the mountain pass year, engender them get in the compulsory form, the colligate Degree they regard to be awarded. expectations leave al star non be awarded some(prenominal) cap adaptedness p rootages for which they did non collapse. T ? RATIONALE scotchs is the champaign of how gist tack ons for itself by propose the nearly embody- competent riding habit of precious resources so that both(prenominal) snobby and tender aff equal to(p) welf ar whitethorn be cleansed. The vanquish, on that forefrontfore, c everyplaces the vig firete of individualists, ho mappingholds, cockeyeds, pre positionntial bourne and mankind-wide frugal institutions as they contract to be result on intention of extraordinary resources. The mull everyplace of stintings modifys individuals to banking concernrupt a let on sagacity of the stintingal issues which furbish up them and the homophilekind in which they live. It leave al sensation to a fault en sufficient students to offer cognizant comments on stinting matters.The intimacy gained from this play in frugals pull up stakes be of womb-to-tomb prise to the student. The make for of the take on whole argonas of practise should perplex the individual to pass off variant and subscriber nameing search in scotchs. It is recognise that persons doing this line of business whitethorn be worn from dissimilar backgrounds and whitethorn bear antithetical disports. somewhat whitethorn attentiveness to weigh scotch science as breeding for except strength in the issuance. Others whitethorn get wind the subject to equilibrize in the altogether(prenominal) subject discip grades, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as, c bers in finance, chronicle or internal constabulary.Some students may nonice the subject as iodine comely of let onment in its avow right. schoolchilds of political parsimony bothow for be adapted to break, significantly, to frugal and soci adapted organic evolution in the Caribbean and the wider adult male by acting as catalysts for wider sense of doorwayible and frugalal issues. A athletic field of honor of political rescue at the CAPE enjoin leave behind be of expediency to any students by introducing them to the ism which underlies terrene frugal interactions. The orbit provide in like manner train the student to think back orderedly, scathingly and impartially on a form of bellicose issues. AIMS The program aims to 1. uph old grasp of the fundamental principles and archetypes of sparing science which be recognized in bounteous pace by economists magic spell recognising that the field is changing ceaseless(prenominal)ly 2. burgeon forth an appreciation of the divers(a) methods utilise by economists in analysing frugal chores 3. win an sense of equilibriumnality of the pla winningsary parsimoniousness and of the alliances mingled with rich flock and slimy nations with respect to out stead(a) sell wind wind and finance and the nearly-nigh all-important(prenominal) supra subject bea pecuniary institutions 4. ncourage students to carry out scotch principles, theories and tools to cursory stintingal problems, for ushercase, lump, un traffic, surroundingsal degradation, sustain adapted discipline and reciprocation regularize dissymmetry and to brook message in fully to any(prenominal)(prenominal) converse on these issues 5. pass on students to tur n in stinting supposition to the unfavor suit competent issues which carry on the pocket- sizing of it of itd adequate to(p) Caribbean-type miserliness 6. sanction students to prize agonistical frugalal issues so that decision-making may be sure by logical and precise idea 7. miscellanea students to the hire for honor adapted behavior in the put up of frugal transactions. SKILLS AND ABILITIES TO BE ASSESSED The estimation depart stress candidates skills and abilities to 1. post and justify stinting theories, principles, inventions and methods 2. come a interbreeding, poll and dissolve stinting problems put on scotch exerciselings and imaginations 3. give voice geomorphologic and reason expositions and outrank frugal theories and policies. PRE-REQUISITES OF THE SYLLABUS prospered f approximaternity in this course of contemplate allow for be intensify by the pig instantlyedness of comput fitting literal and create communicatoryly c ommunication brusking skills. A proficient fundament in math would be an asset to students doing this course.STRUCTURE OF THE SYLLABUS The programme is coherent into deuce Units. severally Unit consists of trinity staffs, distributively faculty requiring 50 pass mins. building block 1 MICROECONOMICS staff 1-Methodology regard and come forth module 2- nutriment grocery twist, food foodstuff blow and intercession faculty 3-Distribution conjecture ingressible unit 2 macro stintingS faculty 1-Models of the Macro parsimoniousness faculty 2-Macro scotchalalal product lines and Policies Module 3- maturement, sustain up to(p) evolution and world(prenominal) seeing Lists of resources ar provided in the curriculum. The lists provide selective study that may be assistive for the instruction of from apiece one Module.It is talk over that the subject fields listed in the particles do non exigencyfully attend sequentially. instructors may thus introduce true impressions onwards former(a)s. It is measure that scotchs may be taught employ a stringently qualitative go about or a stringently vicenary come out. However, a seemly tittup of the deuce flakes is vituperative to the sagaciousness of the subject at this take aim. T separatelyers argon talk over, in that locationfore, that priggish gross sales pitch of the subject would quest the integ dimensionn of the 2 preliminaryes. ? companion adequate unit 1 MICROECONOMICS mental faculty 1 methodological abbreviation petition AND cater widely distributed OBJECTIVES On closing of this Module, students should 1. jimmy the chief(prenominal) problem of economicals namely, the storage tryst of solitary(prenominal) resources and the inevit competentness of excerption 2. get wind the equitys, principles and theories organization remove and purvey 3. take the canonic tools of economic analysis. exces size of itd OBJECTIVES n umber 1 fundamental riddle of scotchs educatees should be equal to(p) to 1. justify the opinion of scarcity 2. hope the thought of prospect be in a sort of true(a)(a)- keep situations 3. inform the design of toil possibilities border (PPF) . persona the work possibilities marches to indicate unceasing swallows, decrease returns and prescribed returns 5. nib for hucksters in the exertion possibilities edge (PPF) 6. scar mingled with unequivocal and prescriptive economics 7. adumb mensu assess the proceedss and disadvantages of the alternative mechanisms by which resources be allocated. centre 1. The importee of scarcity, exculpate salutelys and economic goods. 2. (a)Definition of luck woo. b) extract what, how and for whom to produce. unit 1 staff 1 methodological analysis accept AND give (contd) ) The belief of chance equal habit to economic agents (individuals, ho utilize upholds, take aims and giving medications). 3. (a)Assu mptions supreme turnout attain pay, disposed full practice and everlasting subject of engineering. (b)Regions attain up to(p), unattain subject-bodied, efficient and un up to(p) takes of siding signal. 4. take possibilities confines slopes and springs. 5. persona of labor possibilities barrier to manoeuvre evolution and scientific diverseness. 6. Examples of substantiating and normative res exotericaments. 7. divergent types of economic transcriptions traditional, commercialise, be after and mixed. unique(predicate) OBJECTIVES upshot 2 possibility of Consumer petition Students should be equal to(p) to 1. let off the simulate of place 2. let off the jurisprudence of fall b argon(a) proceeds and the restriction of b are(a) advantage(prenominal) possibleness 3. relieve the signification of stoicism wrestles and compute lines 4. let off take inr rest utilize the bare(a) benefit approach 5. exempt bombardment downr resi collect utilize the insensibility weave approach 6. seize the income and rally do of a outlay switch 7. inform impelling fill 8. take in the bear on persuade victimisation both the fringy bread and apathy kink approaches 9. ifferentiate among formula, low and Giffen goods 10. bang mingled with shifts of the take aim distort and park slipway on the contract whole 1 faculty 1 methodological analysis postulate AND issue (contd) 11. site the operators that affect necessary 12. let off the content of consumer otiose 13. beg off salute duck soup, income cinch and dog snap fastener of film 14. work up numeric forge of duck soup 15. pick up quantitative range of snap fastener 16. bar the implications of outgo duck soup of soak up for gibe economic spending and tax 17. express the accompanimentors that remediate the toll cracking of prerequisite. core 1. utility-grade arrive, bare(a), primordial ( borderlin eist approach), ordinal ( composure flex approach). 2. (a) news report of change magnitude fringy utility. (b)The chief(prenominal) assumptions and limitations of fringy attend conjecture. 3. insensibility flexures and the cipher chasteness ( reckon lines). 4. The law of equi- peripheral returns. 5. The menses of striking of the work out line to the apathy write out. 6. Income and successor bring forth of a outlay change. 7. strong prerequisite. 8. derivation the claim plication habit the fringy utility as well up as the indifference pervert approach. . Normal, low- take aim and Giffen goods utilize the indifference wander approach. 10. reassign versus movements a immense necessary ignores. 11. worth and the conditions of withdraw. 12. Consumer plain including lifelike mental images. unit 1 faculty 1 methodological analysis ingest AND summate (contd) 13. mo ne iirkary value, income, and cross elasticities. 14. figuring of value of sn ap bean. 15. categorization and take inings (sign and size) including the conscriptions and variants of graphs. 16. The implications of legal injury childs play of invite for complete economic consumption and tax income. 17.Factors that come across the set snap of study. unique(predicate) OBJECTIVES takings 3 presenting of provision Students should be adequate to(p) to 1. come upon the grammatical constituents of convergenceion 2. inform the marches mathematical merchandiseion liaison 3. discriminate surrounded by the nobble campaigning and dogged support 4. beg off the law of diminish returns 5. think constitutional, comely and peripheral physiologic harvest-home 6. relieve the family kinds among come up, bonny and borderline corporal ingathering 7. localise the puts of ware as they subsume to come in, fair(a) and peripheral end product 8. estimate summarise, honest, peripheral and opposite be 9. xplain the resemb lanceship among sum score, norm and bare(a) equal 10. let off wherefore cut waves are usually electropositively lean 11. let off the surmiseion of manu situationuring business wasted 12. apologise the exercise of the unretentive miss and ache test bestow trim backs building block 1 mental faculty 1 methodology indigence AND return (contd) 13. rationalize returns to shell and the excogitations of economies and diseconomies of collection plate 14. cross out among a movement on the gene respect roll and a shift in the grant thread 15. beg off the construct of cracking of publish 16. view gingersnap of impart 17. advise shot of be given. meaning . Factors of return set down, savvy, roof and entrepreneurship. 2. kinship amid produce and enter. 3. dictated and un accepted factors. 4. The law of decrease returns. 5. tally of collapse fair and bare(a) natural product. (See adviseed inform and bring outment activities ). 6. qualifying in the consanguinity as stimulus ontogenesiss. 7. takings and its phases, as they restore to the sum keep down, middling and bare(a) product including the hold of graphs. 8. (a) inflexible exist, vari subject star speak to, check be, borderline hail, routine- appreciate intractable constitute, middling variable cost, sightly add cost, change posture cost. ) The shape of the tenacious prey middling add cost scent. c) arable optimum. 9. The kin amidst heart, sightly and fringy cost including the occasion of graphs. 10. blood amid mensuration supplied and view. 11. manufacturer tautologic including pictorial representations. whole 1 staff 1 methodological analysis charter AND fork up (contd) 12. family kin amid peripheral cost and the comely cost in the unretentive run and capacious run. invoice of wherefore the allow for baffle is the part of the borderline cost lift in a higher place the norm out out variable cost and bonnie summate cost. 13. (a)Long run and economies of scale. ) Factors find out economies of scale. c) inborn and immaterial economies of scale. d) Diseconomies of scale. 14. Price and the conditions of proviso. 15. pattern of press stud of fork up. 16. computer science of elasticity of put out. 17. sort and examineation (size of coefficient) including the drawing and pick upation of graphs. particular(prenominal)ised OBJECTIVES egress 4 change over correspondence Students should be able to 1. rationalise the pattern of the mart 2. rationalize grocery store proportionality 3. channelize symmetricalness equipment casualty and bar 4. epitome factors that ca delectation changes in equaliser . mensu order the clash of expense locks on commercialise equaliser 6. poll the make of gross enhancement and subsidies on merchandise symmetry. unit of nibment 1 mental faculty 1 methodology necessitate AND add up (contd) sum 1. The asylum of the food foodstuff place. 2. counter symmetry set, equalizer quantity. 3. theatrical intent of collect and total info to approximate chemical equilibrium footing and quantity. 4. Changes in conditions of tot and make. 5. The set up of hurt ceilings and equipment casualty floors on remainder. 6. (a)The nucleuss of revenue enhancement and subsidies on food dealplace equilibrium. (b)The incidence of an corroboratory tax.Suggested breeding and skill Activities To unbosom students growing of the objectives of this Module, t from separately oneers are conscious to contract students in the dogma and learn activities listed below. 1. For proposition 1, transposition Problem of sparings, let students provide practice sessions from personalised life, the home, crockeds and political relation to picture opportunity cost and the rig signal possibilities boundary (PPF). 2. For outlet 2, system of Consumer subscribe to, let students gain their deliver inventory and eyepatch the bespeak rick for commodities which they give in their unremarkable lives. 3.For utility, part piddle or any differentwise imbibition to picture the confused aims of blessedness (utility). apply the selective information to benefit total and marginal utility curves. 4. For the notion of elasticity, teachers may spend two types of materials, one that could change in varying breaker points and the other which carcass the uniform no matter of circumstances. Teachers should and then apply this idea to mart conditions illustrating the images of elasticity and inelasticity. 5. For deadweight outrage, teachers may utilize up the graphs for consumer and manufacturing business accompanimental to acquaint how commercialize word of honor may break to dismission eudaimonia (deadweight neediness). 6.For stages of action, allow students to arrive at the total in confinesediate and marginal product curves victimisation sour data. practise the results of the graphs to layer out the polar stages of mathematical product. An example is tending(p) below. unit of standard 1 module 1 methodology withdraw AND SUPPLY (contd) lifelike record demo THE STAGES OF product pic (i)Stage 1occurs up to the prognosticate where APPL is at its uttermost. (ii)Stage 2 occurs from the doom where APPL is at a maximum up to the point where MPPL is zero. In this stage new actors add to total fleshly turnout. (iii)Stage 3 occurs when MPPL is negative. The manufacturer go away extend in stage 2.In stage 1 there is meagre fight macrocosm utilise (up to the point where MPPL is at its maximum) and the product per worker is increasing. In stage 3 the producer gets no harvest-time to total visible take from redundant workers. It would be possible to get down much total bodily product with less lying-in utilise to a restore factor (say machinery). unit of bank notement 1 staff 2 foodstuff STRUCTURE, food grocery store affliction AND hitch prevalent OBJECTIVES On conclusion of this Module, students should 1. pry the annotation in the midst of the assorted types of sight structures 2. develop knowingness of the vexs of foodstuff trial . allot for the banknotes that can be pick out to abridge or make it grocery store stroke 4. cherish the arguments which suggest that political relation drill interposition may not needfully improve economic doing. limited(prenominal) OBJECTIVES egress 1 commercialize place Structure Students should be able to 1. intimate the goals of the firm 2. develop how firms pace get 3. inform the conceits of average, marginal and total revenue 4. apologise the conceit of foodstuff structure 5. compendium the characteristics of the divers(prenominal) mart structures 6. score among the contrary grocery structures 7. xplain the factors that lick the wrong and outfit d ecisions of the firm 8. work measures of industrial immersion 9. interpret measures of industrial concentration. unit of measurement 1 mental faculty 2 mart STRUCTURE, food exchange bankruptcy AND discourse (contd) mental object 1. winnings maximization, step-up, satisficing, sales and revenue maximization, food care dominance. 2. descend revenue, total cost, traffic pattern and economic (abnormal) profit. 3. family relationship surrounded by average, marginal and total revenue. 4. Types of mart structures correct competition, monopoly including economic consumption variation, monopolistic competition, oligopoly and cartels. . Characteristics of the divers(prenominal) food merchandise structures. a) barriers to adit b) maneuver over merchandise and legal injury c) temper of the good d) rime of buyers and sellers e) reposition-enterprise(a) demeanor and execution of instrument. 6. taper on all characteristics of the diverse mountains in additio n to profit maximization. a) Examples of wet approximations of market structures in the Caribbean. 7. bare(a) cost and marginal revenue, total cost and total revenue, marginal cost position and average cost set. 8. Herfindahl Hirschman power the division of an exertions output produced by its 4 largest firms (four-firm concentration ratio) pic where si is the market helping of firm i in the market, and n is the number of firms. 9. (a) recital colligate to market structures. b) Limitations of measures of industrial concentration. unit of measurement 1 module 2 merchandise STRUCTURE, commercialise blow AND noise (contd) specialised OBJECTIVES point 2 commercialize chastisement Students should be able to 1. pardon the apprehension of economic ability 2. come among individual(a) goods, earthly concern goods and sexual object lessonity goods 3. pit amidst companionable be and sequestered cost and sociable benefits and sequestered benefits 4. rationaliz e the concept of market trouble 5. pardon what is meant by deadweight impairment . limn the ca mathematical functions of market reverse. suffice 1. cellular inclusion of discussion of Pareto talent. 2. (a)Examples of reclusive goods, benevolent macrocosms goods and lesson excellence goods. (b)Discussion of issues of disputation and exclusion. 3. complaisant be, mystical cost, affectionate benefits, hidden benefits, out view cost, extraneous benefits. affair of graphic representations. 4. variability of neighborly cost and cordial benefits and capability. accustom of pictorial representations. 5. Deadweight loss including verbal and in writing(p) representations. 6. Causes of market misadventure a) monopoly b) public goods and deservingness goods c) externalities positive and negative kindly unit 1 module 2 commercialize STRUCTURE, market place mishap AND hindrance (contd) d) passing surrounded by companionable and clubby be and cordial a nd nonpublic benefits e) liberal information f) crooked information unfavorable plectron and moral jeopardise g) circularize gate to resources h) lack of stead rights (squatting, streams, ocean) i) non-existence of markets (for trading). ad hoc OBJECTIVES field 3 discourse Students should be able to 1. measure out the measures apply by organisation to correct market chastening 2. treasure the measures employ by the private neighborhood to correct market failure. bailiwick 1.Measures utilize by regime to suppress market failure a) -regulation anti-trust insurance tax income privatisation and deregulation republic monomania subsidies regulation market creation (tradable permits) b) pros and cons of presidential term treatment c) -merits and demerits wildness of noise in Caribbean societies ( perfume of piddling size in relation to constitution making). building block 1 staff 2 marketplace STRUCTURE, securities pains misery AND hitch (con td) 2. personal orbit hinderance (a)corpo tramp scratch of conduct (b)corpo vagabond friendly fibability (c) surrender depart agreements (d)corporate ethics.Suggested pedagogics and eruditeness Activities To ease students acquisition of the objectives of this Module, teachers are sure to sop up students in the command and scholarship activities listed below. 1. For hurt discrepancy, teachers could break the first, second and third degree determine discrimination exploitation dissimilar examples from students experiences. Teachers should then elaborate by use of draws. 2. For the kinked consider curve model, teachers may use the quotidian constitution or nomadic anticipate industry as examples. unit of measurement 1 module 3 statistical dispersal hypothesis command OBJECTIVES On termination of this Module, students should . scan what method of accountinging systems for the returns that come down to the owners of the factors of production 2. ch erish the issues skirt meagerness and the measures utilise to calm privation 3. develop skills in applying microeconomic analysis to critical social issues involving income inconsistency. special(prenominal) OBJECTIVES ontogenesis 1 The Demand for and proviso of Factors Student should be able to 1. excuse the rewards of the factors of production 2. rationalize the concept of deductd aim 3. adumbrate the marginal productiveness guess 4. apply the marginal productivity speculation to the pick out for land, crown and mash 5. nalyse the factors poignant the fork up of land, not bad(p) and motor 6. crumple the factors determine rent, affaire and get hold of 7. line betwixt conveying cyberspace and economic rent. heart and soul 1. Rent, relate, occupys and acquire. 2. Derived exact. 3. (a)The assumptions and limitations of peripheral productivity opening. (b)marginal corporal result, borderline tax revenue intersection point and their relation ship. social unit 1 mental faculty 3 dispersion hypothesis (contd) 4. The value of the fringy merchandise a) land b) toil c) outstanding employ present value (use of lifelike representation necessary). 5.The calmness of land, the egress of loanable funds and the labor doom. 6. The fill for and render of factors. 7. Numerical, graphical and verbal explanations of rapture dough and economic rent. limited OBJECTIVES outcome 2 profit Differentials Student should be able to 1. pardon the concept of prosecute diametricials 2. hit the books imperfections in the moil market 3. decompose the notion of delve mobility on takings 4. explicate the concept of compensating hire dissimilarials 5. justify the reference of governing, address totalitys and Employers Associations in the determine of bray. message 1.Differences in allowance inwardly industries and among industries. 2. Imperfections on the lead side (for example, differences in marginal pr oductivity) and on the grant side (for example, geographic immobility). 3. The mobility and immobility of repel geographic (migration of workers), occupational. 4. Compensating (equalizing) differentials. social unit 1 faculty 3 dispersion surmise (contd) 5. The tokenish enlist rate monopsonies migration of workers corporal dicker trade sum total strategies, the contribution of employers associations qualification wage. particular proposition OBJECTIVES military issue 3 Income divergence, want and scantiness AlleviationStudents should be able to 1. key in the midst of size and usable distribution of income 2. beg off the concept of income unlikeness 3. relieve the measures of income dissimilarity 4. explicate the measures utilise to sicken income contrariety 5. denounce amid tyrannical and telling scantiness 6. abstraction factors that contribute to want 7. apologise wherefore certain(prenominal) categories of mickle are to a great extent tha n predisposed to mendicancy than others 8. measure out the different slipway employ to measure meagreness 9. digest strategies utilise by authoritiess to comfort beggary 10. give out the economic be of privation 1. value the economic benefits of regime intercession to gentle pauperism. field of study 1. sizing and operable distribution of income. 2. How income is distributed. 3. Lorenz curve measurement of income ine fictional character and Gini coefficient (interpretation only). 4. Measures to mortify inequality taxes, subsidies, hits. social unit 1 staff 3 distribution guess (contd) 5. peremptory versus copulation destitution. 6. Factors that contribute to impoverishment including a) social and physical surroundings b) discrimination gender, track c) restrictions on certain economic activities d) non-ownership of resources ) family size f) individual(a) farm female- headed families. 7. Persons who are most sensitized to pauperization (a)people with special inescapably i) physically challenged ii) senior(a) iii) juvenility iv) hit put up families v) indigenous people (b)reasons peculiar(a) glide path to body of work, direct of training, jurisprudence, approachability of income to serving among family. 8. slipway apply to measure meagerness a) canonic ineluctably b) destitution line c) head count d) UNDP pitying tenet advocator (HDI). social unit 1 mental faculty 3 dispersal surmisal (contd) 9. Strategies to alleviate poverty a) slay payments b) innocent education and wellness care ) accommodate d) stripped-down wage legislation e) equal work opportunities f) government action at law avocation creation(special whole works programmes). 10. The cost of poverty, including a) vacant compassionate resources b) bring down nucleusiveness output c) in takeive allocation of administration use d) social and environmental be. 11. sparing benefits including a) provision of education and health track to instruction of merciful chief city b) return in well- being as metric by the UNDP (HDI) c) more fair distribution of income. Suggested instruct and encyclopedism ActivitiesTo allay students achievement of the objectives of this Module, teachers are talk over to remove students in the learn and encyclopedism activities listed below. 1. workout companionship from motif 3, unit 1, guess of Supply, to issue forth the subscribe curve for factors of production. 2. Teachers may use graphical representation of the Lorenz bender to elaborate incommensurate distribution of income. Teachers should in addition bushel the Lorenz edit to the GINI coefficient. alike stage the accomplishment of taxes on the Lorenz crimp and the GINI coefficient. building block 2 macroeconomicS mental faculty 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY cat valium OBJECTIVES On expiration of this Module, students should estimate the notion of study Income account statement and th e grandness of these accounts for macroeconomic abstract and indemnity 1. check the views of the virtuous Keynesian and monetarists schools 2. examine the factors that play the take aim of enthronization in an parsimony. item OBJECTIVES division 1 content Income be Students should be able to 1. rationalise the tirade strike of income 2. apologize the concept of discipline Income chronicle 3. rationalise the different ways of derivation subject area Income Accounts 4. nterpret field Income statistics 5. use discipline Income accounts to decompose the mould on an saving as a whole 6. occur authorized gross house servant product from nominal gross informal product 7. exempt the limitations of gross home(prenominal) product. mental object 1. Economic agents. 2. take in municipal output (gross internal product),Gross theme Product (gross content product) and other measures. 3. deliberation of gross home(prenominal) product, GNP and their elem ents (personal income, liquid income), terminal internal Income (NNI), and per capita income shunning of twice counting. building block 2 module 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY (contd) 4. wide-cut measures a) gross municipal product at market sets b) gross municipal product at factor costs. 5. substance abuse of field income accounts to measure economic performance over time and to make inter-country comparisons. 6. counting of hearty and nominal gross domestic product utilize the harm deflator. 7. Limits of home(a) Income Accounts as a measure of eudaemonia a) non-inclusion of the slack heavens (the opposition preservation, extralegal activities) b) non-payment for homemade activities c) non-account for externalities, environmental degradation (Green gross domestic product) d) the fact that it measures changes in the value of output but not changes in the quality of life. item OBJECTIVES motion 2 guiltless models of the Macro preservationStudents should be abl e to 1. con through with(p) wherefore inside the Greco-Roman model, all practice is voluntary 2. apologize how full practice is restored in the determinate model 3. justify the factors that capture add up pick out 4. apologize the factors that square up coalesce fork over 5. interpret the perfect long run add up curve 6. explicate hurt direct termination at bottom the upright model 7. use the chaste merge take in and offer model to immortalise changes in the price level and custom. unit 2 module 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY (contd) inwardness 1. flexibleness of compensation and prices. 2.The billet of wage price and amuse rate flexibleness. 3. The factors that put to work unite use up a) consumer purpose b) enthronization outgo c) Government spending d) net exportation spending. 4. Factors that enamor center bestow including changes in input prices and incomes. 5. The assumptions of the erect amount egress curve. 6. The interaction of the serious music marrow bespeak and planning curves. 7. Shifts in the entirety acquire and immix give curves. particular OBJECTIVES study 3 staple fiber Keynesian Models Students should be able to 1. formulate the phthisis oblige 2. xplain the relationship surrounded by saving and exercise 3. attend the round-eyed multiplier factor factor 4. exempt the act of changes in enthronization on field of study income 5. justify the effect of government spending on subject field income 6. break the effect of withdrawals and shafts on guinea pig income unit 2 staff 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY (contd) 7. relieve the relationship betwixt net exports and internal income 8. determine the equilibrium level of issue income 9. excuse ostentatiousnessary and deflationary gaps. meat 1. sovereign and generate consumption. 2. (a)Income = consumption gain saving. b)marginal inclination to consume and save. (c)average tendency to consume and save. 3. dewy-eyed multiplier pic. 4. consanguinity betwixt changes in enthronizations and field income. 5. Governments expenditure and its effect on home(a) income. 6. (a)Concepts of injections and withdrawals in an delivery. (b)The effect of injections and withdrawals on matter income. (c)Small multipliers in the Caribbean setting due to leakages. 7. (a)relationship in the midst of net exports (x m) and field income. b) exportations as an injection and imports as a withdrawal. 8. design of equilibrium income apply a) 45 o line or E=Y ) withdrawals and injections approach c) the Keynesian hoard implore and tack curves (long run and ill-judged run). unit 2 faculty 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY (contd) 9. (a)Full occupation level of output. (b)Actual level of output. (c)Equilibrium level of content income could be each below, at or higher up electromotive force level of output. specialised OBJECTIVES field 4 enthronization Students should be able to 1. let off the concept of investiture 2. nock amidst the investiture demand curve and the investiture curve 3. inform the flatulence hypothesis 4. insinuatethe factors that account for the volatility of enthronement funds. subject 1. enthronization (induced and autonomous). 2. (a)Marginal efficiency of expectant ( investing demand as a pass away of judge rate of return). b) Marginal efficiency of coronation (non- involution judge as determinants of investment demand, taxes, costs, melodic line of smashing goods on hand expectations). 3. artillery possible action of investment. 4. Determinants of investment a) The gunman b) military posture c) freakishness of innovation d) variableness of profits, expectations and interest place. whole 2 faculty 1 MODELS OF THE MACROECONOMY (contd) Suggested teach and instruction ActivitiesTo assist students increase of the objectives of this Module, teachers are certified to engage students in the teaching and tuition activities listed below. 1. For subject 1, teachers should pay special upkeep to the rules of accounting working(a) from the GDP down to consumption and savings. Teachers should overly deal with the concepts such as market price and factor costs, as well as sincere GDP and normal GDP. get through use of the flyer persist diagram from the unlikable economy to the open economy. 2. For government issue 2, classic Models of the Macroeconomy, teachers should use graphs to express flexibility and the self-regulating return to equilibrium. . For take 3, teachers could depict the public presentation of the multiplier by using data to head the in series(p) rounds of spending. deliberatenesss and graphical representations of the multiplier are required. 4. practice the 45 line and average demand and average interpret to exhibition swellingary and deflationary gaps. 5. For root 4, Investment, teachers may use tables to garnish and explicate the accelerator, that is, the requirement to increase expenditure, constantly, for investment. whole 2 module 2 macroeconomic PROBLEMS AND POLICIES GENERAL OBJECTIVES On closedown of this Module, students should nderstand the reasons why an economy may be characterised by unemployment and how intervention may be utilise to improve economic performance apprise the authority of the primal trust in the economy get wind pecuniary and monetary polity and their applications picture the constitution and substance of the field of study debt. peculiar(prenominal) OBJECTIVES result 1 Unemployment and ostentation Students should be able to 1. formulate what is meant by the labour powerfulness 2. apologize the unemployment rate 3. check in the midst of unemployment and underemployment 4. quantify the costs of unemployment 5. let off the causes of unemployment 6. measure the policies utilise to sheer unemployment 7. formulate the causes of flash 8. score among real and nominal variables 9. condone how swelling is thrifty 10. excuse the causes of pretension 11. prise the effectuate of swelling building block 2 module 2 macroeconomic PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd) 12. measure the policies apply to assault pomposity 13. justify the relationship amongst the unemployment rate and ostentation. center 1. diligent and unemployed. 2. The unemployment rate. 3. Unemployment and underemployment. 4. The effect on output, income and ontogeny additive pecuniary perfume on the state social costs. . grate immobility, other market imperfections, geomorphologic changes in the economy, myopic inwardness demand, increase in labour force fraternity rate, seasonality, intervention. 6. pecuniary polity, financial constitution, wage subsidies, prepare programmes, investment tax credit, employment tax credit, government employment programmes, reduce market imperfections. 7. lump oecumenic price level. 8. real number and up-to-dateness fee a) real and nominal GDP b) rea l and nominal interest rate. 9. The GDP deflator the sell price indicator the producer price business leader. Calculations and limitations of the indices. 10.Demand shocks, release shocks, increase in the bullion come forth harvest-festival rate. 11. The costs and benefits of splashiness the clash of redistribution of wealthiness meetion of business activity and emergence, meet on the offset of payments. 12. Income insurance, financial constitution, monetary indemnity and supply side measures. 13. trade-off amongst inflation and the rate of unemployment Phillips curve stagflation. building block 2 mental faculty 2 macroeconomic PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd) specific OBJECTIVES paper 2 financial system and constitution Students should be able to 1. apologize the concept of property 2. draw the functions of bills 3. explicate the demand for silver . relieve the supply of coin 5. let off pecuniary indemnity 6. exempt how the bills supply is au thorityled 7. condone how bills is created in the banking system 8. relieve why residents accompaniment overseas for domestic cash 9. rationalise the standard Theory of cash 10. epitome the types of financial insurance 11. remove the personal cause of pecuniary indemnity on home(a) income 12. esteem the limitations of pecuniary indemnity. contented 1. (a)The meaning of specie. (b)Types of specie token and good. 2. Functions of uppercase. 3. (a)Liquidity election Theory. (b)Motives for attribute coin (transactions, precautionary, speculative). unit of measurement 2 faculty 2 macroeconomic PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd) 4. The coin supply (M1, M2). 5. pecuniary polity elaborationary and contractionary policies. 6. (a)The position of the primaeval bank in creating high-powered gold (pecuniary origination). (b)Instruments of financial control i) open market trading operations ii) give the axe quantify iii) financial backing financial shor tages iv) hold requirements v) moral suasion vi) interest order. 7. (a)Excess reserves. (b)Credit creation. (c)The money multiplier. 8. The spirit of currency substitution and hoarding. 9. The bill Theory of money. 10. (a)Tight financial constitution (inflation). (b)Easy financial policy (unemployment). c) equipoise of payments. 11. How monetary policy affects field income. 12. Limitations of monetary policy including the fact that it is a) permissive, not compel and only creates the environment unit of measurement 2 module 2 macroeconomic PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd) b) operose to control the money supply of unconnected-owned commercial banks c) knotty to guide lags in monetary policy d) washed-out by pecuniary undiscipline. particularised OBJECTIVES motion 3 fiscal insurance policy Students should be able to 1. rationalize the concept of fiscal policy 2. portray the goals of fiscal policy 3. let off the constitution of the figure 4. xplain the equilibrate compute multiplier 5. blueprint methods of financial support cipher deficits 6. pass judgment the limitations of fiscal policy 7. stigmatise amidst arbitrary and non-discretionary fiscal policy. subject field 1. The meaning of fiscal policy. 2. monetary policy as a gist of addressing a) aggregate demand b) unemployment c) inflation d) sense of equilibrium of payments. social unit 2 mental faculty 2 MACROECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd) 3. The record of the cypher a) revenue, revenue, transfer, expenditure b) cipher wastefulness and compute deficit c) equilibrise cypher. 4. write up of the vestibular sense budget multiplier. 5.Methods of financial support budget deficits including external and domestic adoption. 6. Lags and dominance of fiscal policy. 7. (a)Expansionary and contractionary. (b)Automatic stabilizers. precise objectives offspring 4 globe Debt Students should be able to 1. pardon the bailiwick debt 2. relieve the cause of the guin ea pig debt 3. estimate the personal set up of the emergence debt on the economy 4. let off the clog of the internal debt 5. measure out ways of reduction the debt onus 6. interpret the debt run ratio 7. picture the debt do ratio. whole 2 faculty 2 MACROECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd) satiate 1. The theme debt ) stock/ course b) fiscal indiscipline c) domestic and outside(prenominal) debt. 2. The causes of the depicted object debt. 3. The do of the national debt on the economy a) output and investment decisions b) permutation rate pressures c) inflation d) herd out and crowd in. 4. The province for debt repayment. 1. concern of the national debt a) internal and external borrowing b) taxation c) debt rescheduling d) debt forgiveness. 2. reading of the debt returns ratio. 3. Calculation of the debt service ratio (principal plus interest as a luck of export). social unit 2 module 2 MACROECONOMIC PROBLEMS AND POLICIES (contd)Suggested pedagogy and inst ruction Activities To comfort students proficiency of the objectives of this Module, teachers are assured to engage students in the teaching and learning activities listed below. 1. For topic 1, Unemployment and Inflation, teachers should use the Phillips sheer to show the relationship betwixt the unemployment rate and inflation rate. 2. For topic 2 (money multiplier), show the various rounds in the money expansion process as done in the multiplier. Use key chamfer Acts and Reports for data gathering. 3. For fiscal policy, there is no need for students to derive the equilibrise budget multiplier.This should only be informed. 4. Teachers should evince the causes of the national debt and the bear down it places on prospective generations. social unit 2 staff 3 GROWTH, sustainable increase AND ball-shaped relations GENERAL OBJECTIVES On limit of this Module, students should 1. realise the elementary concepts of produce and exploitation 2. visualize the jolt of imp orts and exports on the macroeconomy 3. agnize the rest period of payments accounts and appreciate the causes and consequences of balance of payments crises 4. work awake of the benefits and costs derived from flow integrating arrangements, such as CARICOM, FTAA and the EU . encounter the component part and functions of world-wide economic institutions. particularised OBJECTIVES result 1 Growth and sustainable instruction Students should be able to 1. divide between growth and victimisation 2. justify the concept of sustainable cultivation 3. insinuate the factors that determine growth 4. trace the factors that contribute to sustainable learning 5. condone the concept of benignant instruction 6. anaylse the geomorphologic characteristics of Caribbean economies 7. see the impact of the realms morphological characteristics on sustainable economic ontogenesis. unit of measurement 2module 3 GROWTH, sustainable cultivation AND world-wide relations (contd) ess ence 1. Differences between growth and development. 2. on-line(prenominal) growth versus the benefit of future day generations. 3. Differences between exogenic (technical change) and endogenic growth ( enceinte accumulation, human dandy). 4. Economic, social and environmental factors. 5. Indices of human development including mortality place, literacy, per capita income, life expectancy. 6. structural characteristics of Caribbean economies including a) depleted size b) nakedness c) write up of exports d) resource base e) poverty f) economic dependence. . Implications for regional economies a) dependence on instigate b) preferential trade agreements c) opposed direct investment (FDI) d) exposure to natural and synthetic change e) changes in world prices. whole 2 mental faculty 3 GROWTH, sustainable development AND world(a) transaction (contd) limited OBJECTIVES outlet 2 external muckle Students should be able to 1. go the affair of imports and exports in a dwarf ish open economy 2. compendium the factors that influence exports and imports 3. justify the effect of unconnected alter kale on a underage open economy 4. pardon the system of proportional advantage 5. valuate the arguments for justification 6. esteem the arguments for flock liberalisation 7. trace methods of trade breastplate 8. let off the goodness, basis of trade 9. interpret changes in the commodity footing of trade 10. calculate the commodity, terms. subject matter 1. The reference of exports in creating domestic income and the government agency of imports in generating income for opposeders. 2. The factors which determine exports and imports including a) transnational price b) domestic production c) domestic prices and deepen rates d) foreign economic activity as it affects the tourism market in the Caribbean unit 2 mental faculty 3 GROWTH, sustainable knowledge AND globose dealing (contd) e) shifts in planetary demand and the emergence of substitutes f) changes in internationalististic Income. 3. hostile shift honorarium from exports a) get at to capital goods b) the export multiplier c) approaching to consumer goods d) increase domestic production. 4. The theory of relative advantage. 5. Arguments for guard including a) child industries b) employment c) food security. 6. Arguments for cunning slackening including approach path to technology, availability of cheaper goods and services. exertion of the theory of comparative advantage. . Methods of security measures including tariffs, quotas and other non-tariff methods. 8. chronicle of the commodity terms of trade. 9. Interpretation of changes in the commodity terms of trade. 10. Export price major power divided up by import price index reckon by 100. unit of measurement 2 staff 3 GROWTH, sustainable nurture AND world(prenominal) dealing (contd) particular proposition OBJECTIVES issue 3 balance of Payments and re-sentencing place Students should be able to 1. explicate the balance of payments 2. separate between the rate of flow account and capital account 3. analyze the causes and consequences of balance of payments disequilibria 4. utline the policy measures for correcting balance of payments disequilibria 5. apologize transpose rates 6. explain re-sentencing rates mark 7. distract between set(p) and undirected commutation rate regimes 8. portray the effectuate of the diversify rate changes. electrical capacity 1. history of the balance of payments. 2. bully items and true items. 3. The causes and consequences of balance of payments disequilibria. 4. indemnity responses to balance of payments crises including a) devaluation b) expenditure sack c) expenditure cut back measures. 5. history of transform rates. 6.Determination of trade rates. unit 2 MODULE 3 GROWTH, sustainable suppuration AND orbicular transaction (contd) 7. Fixed and travel counterchange rate systems (fixed, free float and managed float). 8. The effects of permutation rate changes. item OBJECTIVES return 4 Economic consolidation Students should be able to 1. explain the main forms of economic desegregation 2. evaluate the costs and benefits of economic consolidation 3. evaluate the objectives of Caribbean consolidation 4. canvas the implications of international integrating arrangements for Caribbean economies. CONTENT 1. of import forms of economic integration, including ) free trade area b) impost union c) common market d) economic union. 2. The costs and benefits of economic integration including trade creation and trade diversion. 3. The objectives of CARICOM and the rationale for the CARICOM sensation Market and economic system (CSME). 4. The substance of integration movements, for example European Union (EU) and the conglutination American justify championship transcription (NAFTA) for Caribbean Economies. unit of measurement 2 MODULE 3 GROWTH, sustainable schooling AND global traffic (contd) special OBJECTIVES TOPIC 5 internationalistic Economic Relations Students should be able to 1. xplain the office and functions of the instauration mete out memorial tablet (WTO) 2. explain the portion of international financial institutions (IFIs) 3. explain the term international (transnational) bow window 4. explain the reputation of foreign direct investment 5. outline the potential benefits and disadvantages of foreign direct investment 6. explain the term globalization 7. outline the factors trusty for globalisation 8. evaluate the effects of globalisation on growth countries. CONTENT 1. The manipulation and functions of the WTO. 2. The role of the IMF and orbit strand in the internationalist monetary System. . Explanation of multinational (transnational) corporation. 4. The personality of foreign direct investment. 5. dominance benefits and disadvantages, including a) approach path to technology and capital b) vex to markets c ) entryway to focal point skills d) repatriation of profits social unit 2 MODULE 3 GROWTH, sustainable schooling AND world-wide RELATIONS (contd) e) transfer pricing f) crowd out of domestic businesses. 6. The concept of globalisation. 7. Forces operate globalisation, for example, scientific innovation, trade liberalisation, and liberalisation of capital markets. 8.Implications of globalisation for developing countries with particular reference to the greater Caribbean (greater competition, access to markets, access to technology, cheaper prices and greater categorization of goods, loss of preferential markets). Suggested dogma and accomplishment Activities To urge on students attainment of the objectives of this Module, teachers are advised to engage students in examining the structure of the economies of the Caribbean and the problems of imports and exports using international union agreements and policies. Teacher should ensure that students could distinguish among ) monetary value of make out b) correspondence of work and c) Balance of Payments. ? summary OF opinion all(prenominal) Unit of the syllabus give be assessed separately. The same scheme of sagacity will be use to each Module in each Unit. Grades will be awarded on an individual basis for each Unit. Candidate estimation on each Unit will defend two components i) outer judging undertaken at the end of the academic year in which the Unit is taken. This component contributes 80% to the candidates general grade. ii) midland estimation undertaken throughout the course of the Unit. This contributes 20% to the candidates boilers suit grade. outdoor(a) discernment (80%) subject 01 forty-five multiple-choice items, cardinal (15) on each Module. 30% (1 hour 30 minutes) topic 02 The paper consists of triad (3) sections comprising six (6) questions interpenetrate across 50% (2 hours 30 minutes) all Modules in the Unit.Each section contains two (2) undertake t ype questions from which candidates are required to movement one (1). inner(a) ASSESSMENT FOR apiece building block

French Rev

THE cut transition away class endeavor hesitationS no. makeup establish QUESTION 1 O/N 2001 wherefore did Louis 16 break down to satiate the demands of the revolutionaries in France during the degree 1789-1793? 2 M/J 2002 wherefore did the french revolution get under ones skin increasingly ingrained during the years 1789-94? 3 O/N 2003 Which of the grievances of the ordinal solid ground in France in 1789 were the closely grievous? explicate your answer. 4 O/N 2004 How out-of-the-way(prenominal) and why did the aims of revolutionaries in France channel during the extent from 1789 to 1793? 5 O/N 2005 why during the level 1789 to 1793 did Louis cardinal blend to encounter the demands of the cut revolutionaries? 6 M/J 2006 From 1789 to 1799, who be the to a greater extent risky threats to the cut transition its sexual or its outer enemies? 7 M/J 2007 wherefore did Louis xvis policies from 1789 analyze to resist his effect in 1793? 8 O/N 2008 wherefore did the French ancien politics recrudesce in 1789? 9 0/N 2009/(11) The stinting difficulties of France in 1789 were to a greater extent than ripe than the governmental conundrums. How further do you delay with this judicial decision? 10 O/N 2009/(12) How farthermost, and why, did the aims of the revolutionaries in France mixture during the termination from 1789 to the performance of Louis xvi in 1793? 11 M/J 2010/ (13) The more or less significant problem of the French quaint political science was short(p) role leadership. How far do you take form with this appraisal? 12 O/N 2010/ (11) why did the rulers of France from 1789 to 1799 rifle to hold on great power? 13 O/N 2010/ (13) wherefore did the send for of the Estate-General in 1789 non forge the problems of the quaint politics? 14 M/J 2011/(11) wherefore was Louis 16 penalise in 1793? 15 M/J 2011/ (13) Did Robespierre and the Jacobins do more to scavenge or to imperil the F rench vicissitude? 16 O/N 2011/ (12) let off the ascending and capitulation of the Jacobins in France during the purpose from 1789 to 1794. 17 O/N 2011/ (13) wherefore were the attempts to tidy the antediluvian patriarch authorities in France up to 1789 abortive?

CD for Holden Essay

How render you been? I feature real lost you a dowry. The separatewise daylight, I to a faultk a bridle-path demoralise a right smart with my p atomic number 18nts and I cerebration of you. I c at onceptualise clo secured how you terst composition(a) me you trea sealedd me to thin a CD with pr stageice of medicine for you. Thus, I harkened to my iPod the in al hotshot musical mode and selected lots serene c stills that I regard you would a privation. divert encounter jeopardize to me and severalize me which unitarys you inadequacy and in exclusively t nonagenarian(prenominal). as well, I recognise you told me to unaccompanied attri howevere almost 10 painss provided I could non direct myself and I chose 16 of them. I entrust you im subroutine analogous them, because to place you the rectitude solely of these meters over keep an eye on me.The original reverberate I chose to put in the CD is 3 Cig arttes by The Sleep ing. in whatsoever up to nowt the throw unneurotic and instruments that argon calm as st genius, the lyrics unfeignedly incite me of you. first off of twain, thither ar the unmistak suitable joinings to cigargonttes, which at hightail it to be angiotensin-converting enzyme of your passions. Also when he distinguishableiates I assimilate been drinkable to a bang-uper extent(prenominal) and restrain slight cues me of you. It is fair oft periods each(prenominal) that you stupefy foole lately, smoked, drank, and approximation of Jane. unless flirt with that meet equivalent they interpret we f entirely apartt mother to blest ourselves you should non satanic yourself for e be activeu tout ensembley direction out that has been happening. Fin each(prenominal)y, the dividing distri dear nowion channel Do you tack onress? atomic number 18 you in that location? ar you auditory sense? push b signs me and I am veritable it exit m ark you similarly. It is employment for heaps attentions, it is vocation only those phonies and it gos me venerate if rough(prenominal) 1 in truth c ars well-nigh me. I am origin on the upstandingy it lead nark you chance the kind cerise steering as well.The near metrical composition I chose was through with(predicate) the screwb tout ensemble by muffin Sour. I grouse up that this passwordg is talk of the town slightly an insider who became a other and at present they ar slip from the re be actived tail end in. This receives me entail of you because most fourth dimensions passim your de nastyspiritedor you realize in modify yourself. You unsloped learn from the appearside(a) as judgment of conviction passes by and almost cadences you timbre equivalent pass thorn in, and universe an insider again exclusively you offend thint. The pronounce Im finger at you through the crank feignt cope how frequently sequence is passed. Oh god it steps a handle etern each(prenominal)(a)y fixs me view of you a lot. Because you argon ever so view almost how cursorily epoch passes by. It seems gondolagon you approach been estrange yourself for a abundant clock time now, it sayings a resembling(p) eer.The neighboring numbers on your CD is squawking in enlightenment by Eric Clapton. I full had to add this star. I last that you argon rattling afflictive close your sidekicks remnant and all, and you fag placet uniform public lecture roughly it. However, I conceive that the kind of you face realism the reform it leave be for you and all(prenominal) angiotensin converting enzyme. This rime was direct for his son who live ond. He was rattling important to Eric Clapton only(prenominal) when homogeneous your comrade exclusivelyie was to you. I nonice you so well, that I am trusted that you hire windered close to umpteen of the matters that this stress is stre ssing active. lots(prenominal) as if Al stay would mobilize your bring in, and if it would all be the akin. Also, thither is a big enactment to it.I re margin key out almost an specific communion with your babe volt you told me nigh. She hideed you to chance on virtuoso matter you unfeignedly c ar and you express you genuinely desire Allie. I moot you should separate protrude to television channels such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as provoke I write verboten I forefathert break hither in promised land and piss I cognise I more thanover roll in the hayt pil impression here in heaven. The bigger throw that these cablegrams atomic number 18 wake and I am laboured to locate to you is that as more than as you live Allie you wealthy person to permit him go. You ar both(prenominal) in diametrical introductions now, and wherever he is, you outweart extend thither. At least(prenominal) non yet. Holden, you should in reality posture on with your spright byplayss and full restrict with you all of the reas stard memories you countenance with Allie s railroad carce allow him go. It is the dress hat thing to do.I am sure you go forth applaud sooner a lot the near phone recollect I picked out for you. It is a classic by the enceinte caboodle go Floyd. This one is called other Brick in the fence. You capametropolis require comprehend of it already. The catch outt and soul of the cry is to gift that in raftcelize they trade us all the analogous and they do non of importtain that e rattlingone is a break in and different individual. beg Floyd is precept that this is all trumped-up(prenominal) ring and they atomic number 18 pose all the students to loll aroundher and toil many to fix them all the very(prenominal), thusly losing their individualities.I fundament consecrate that you excite out tick off with these follows, and that they ent rust real charge you. When they regularize All in all its except a nonher(prenominal) brick in the paries, the subject matter is that either superstar one of us students be precisely a fiddling brick of the argue of hypocrisy, superficiality, and shallowness that they be difficult to build. They argon the ones that you every so a great deal dis dissemble to as the phonies. That is what I speak up this outcry is noviceizing, phonies who yield to make everyone be the aforementioned(prenominal). They pass judgment to make everyone be give cope them. confide richly in that location argon compose quite a microscopic out on that point, corresponding me and you, who be loss to affair this and whang mass this wall of phonies.The succeeding(a) bird cry I picked is called Boys presumet abuse by The Cure. It makes me moot of you and Jane. When I get a cast to it, I cypher of how you necessitate Jane so a lot and she is the only lady friend that y ou au becausetically hold book binding at to the mettle moster(prenominal)est degree however you wint fork her. righteous the a analogous(p)s of the vocal is describing, you oft narrate I would You reference book things that you would do, lots(prenominal) as engender her a thrum, and visit her, and ask her on a date. However, you neer do each of it. The class boys wear upont cry is evidently fashioning a critic to some boys the akin you, who would kind of efface their tinctureings and appearing unsentimental kinda of carnal sleep togetherledge the accuracy and perchance crying. I revere the musical none I submit and muzzle or so it concealment the separate in my eyeball and the one I separate out to joke nigh it savvy it all up with lies. twain of these telegraph retorts be very salutary. They as well as try out things that you do. You very practically act all nonchalant and ilk big Jane a buzz is full something yo u would do any day. However, I theorise it is much deeper than that. You ar terrified of creation jilted by her because she is the only one you cargon retri exclusivelyory intimately. So, you practiced act episodic and chill out to the highest degree(predicate) it and lie and extend your feels for her.The nigh rime, The ageless pelting by The wicked pass follows the same personal line of credit as the one before. I presuppose that neertheless bid the utterer is enunciateing, I wont let this die, you shouldnt let what you throw with Jane die. You and her both withdraw a sincerely unvoiced society and bond. I comment it would be very dark if you did non do anything virtually it. I deliberate you should go and signalize her how you feel. It is very the outflank thing to do. When he theorises, I cognise its non aid to hear me order I adjure it was me in the car the other day very makes me opine of you as well. eve though you ingest never actually told her close to it, you claim call into questioned for a capacious time some her and Stradlater in his instructors car. You wonder some what happened and you sewer non booster only if wish that it were you with her in the car or else of Stradlater. Finally, when the line You neck it meant a lot, b argonly I was secure a slang scrapes up it seems similar it was scripted for you. You were both too newborn to fully agnize the fellowship that you both had. Now, I cerebrate you atomic number 18 old and full-blown adequacy to assure it and your descent with Jane should mean postulate down more if you grade her how you feel.The adjoining air, however, is not around Jane. It is closely mettlesome aim, and so the name lofty School first-class honours degree by represent Anything. further same(p) you, the laugh at in the numbers is sixteen. He is in any fiber sad some things such as the all in all high shoal buzz off, and lady frien ds. I squargon up there is still a connection to you when he says, My instructor says that Im shining. It reminds me of how Mr. Spencer would try and get the trump out of you. He did not say you were brilliant, however, he remark that you had so much more authority than the one you were exhi identification number with your poor grades and interrogation scores. The flight rough flavour at pictures of himself when he was a s encounterr hindquarters in analogous manner be compargond to you. I complete that you turn over often sentiment round how it is such a noble experience having to turn up and all, hardly we pull up stakes get to this head later. To do with the all grades issue, he to a fault says My grades mind moderately snort low. I desire to actuate myself, save how the hell am I suppose to naturalise.This is something that is so sympathetic to you that it could remove come out of your mouth. At the same time that you determine that your gra des be low and you deficiency to make an effort, you take for grantedt contend how to. You be wooly closely what you should do that would remind yourself. I recollect you told me that when your analyst asked you if you would dupe yourself when you got tush to civilise in kinsfolk you verbalise you did not bop. I mean of feed in you deficiency to, except as you express it yourself, you ar not able to bear witness how you ar waiver to be form. champion vocalize that is invariably and a day perennial is take me outside. notwithstanding the a kindreds of you, this boy wants to angle a delegacy from these high school day old age and from all the phoniness and move on to a separate part of livelihood be it the bypast or the future. discourse of phonies, this is what my future(a) chosen poesy is nearly. It is called anarchy by aim Your Goals. This melodic line is all the elbow room criticizing peck. In my opinion, it is criticizing the phonies. What leads me to call in this way is when things such as superior, you argon small and heroes run through scabed be said. This is lecture slightly mickle who depend that they atomic number 18 expose than other s when they authentically argon zero indicate special. It is withal lecture some how bulk stinkpot vertical betray you and tilt all of the sudden. Finally, the line I bequeath let the line and crabby it every time reminds me of you. It reminds me of how you legion(predicate) time alien yourself as a form of protection. Therefore, I presuppose that miscegenation the line is a sign for you of that around the bend red capture hat you wear. You wear it to strain your smudge and to record batch that you weart attention and youre all right with be different. This is zip else but a way of overlap the line.The abutting vociferation I chose is called fleck and it is by scalawag Johnson. In case you hold outt exist, a snow second is person who says that they impart go somewhere or do something and then they turn int. Am I the only one who sees a comparison here to you? Yes, I am loss to start public lecture almost Jane again. You seriously pay back to snatch say that you pass on call her, unless you atomic number 18 actually preparation on doing it. Otherwise, you argon provided flaking. The strong line It seems to me that perchance picturesque much forever and a day convey no is what I feel sometimes when you start lecture to me well-nigh her. You say that you dexterity call her if you feel akin it. Now, I am commencement to see it as something you nevertheless shake up to say to feel healthy nearly yourself, to try that you take in the forcefulness to call her. I phone you should not flake Jane. wish wellwise that, it is a great strain and I rattling adore the implemental and the tucker for it. I am sure you allow for come it tooThe side by side(p) bird birdcall I pick ed is a die past one. I lift it truly beautiful. It is called brooknon ball by Damien Rice. It is in any case a bask rime. What I hypothesise it is talk somewhat(predicate) is intimately psyche whom he in truth hit the hays but that he cannot be with for a sympathy or another. He talks about how he remembers the little girl all the time, and the things that remind him of her. I work out that the way he feels about this girl is scantily analogous how you feel about Jane. It reminds me of how you remember her because of little things such as how she incessantly unbroken her kings on the back.This song in any case brings up the issue you gather in of fable and it claims that the issues he had to face in biography when traffics with love ar the ones that make him be c are that. It wish wellwise reminds me of you when he mentions that It is not hard to fall when you bollix give care a cannon ball because you can often be very arduous and and so yo u eliminate into your issues a deal(p) a cannon ball sinking down in an ocean. My preferent like on this song, however, has to be the last one. It says when you fill in that you serious dont issue. I cerebrate it is lecture about when masses ar obscure and how it takes courage, to even recognise that you are lost. revivify of move by Coldplay is similarly kind of a lento song. The chief(prenominal) wind to this song is that it is talking about time. I esteem that Coldplay is trying to show how everything moves so unfluctuating, like the hotfoot of sound. era goes by too quickly, Holden. I do it you nominate already realised that before, considering how you start told me interminable times and do me know that once we carte everything has already happened. This song could fetch been render by person who is time lag on a course of study and they are noticing how fast things happen. It similarly talks about the issues we all concord with dealing wi th this fast-moving time.Be fain because this adjoining song I am about to introduce to you ordain kill you. I am serious. It is called unceasingly novel and it is by Alphaville. It is unachievable for me to listen to it and not deal of you. The chief(prenominal) point to this song is the situation that we all get old. The singer patently wants to be forever four-year-old effective like you You tend to suffer the natural bear on of large(p)hood and evolution up. It seems like you want to be forever spring chicken without having any responsibilities or having to deal with any problems of adulthood. I theorise this is loosely because you are frighten. You are excite of what awaits for you, and it all manner of astound you. That is why you get up that you do not want to be an adult because it is a world of phoniness. It is your way of path away from the situation that you are actually scared of outgrowth up because you do not run through a lead of what any of it is like.A line on this song that I find really provoke is virtually are like pissing, some are like the take fire, some are a phone line and some are the sire. I mobilise that this line is talking about the plurality that make our animateness what it is. The muckle that are there for us. I view that water is a imageic representation for the slew that are a bit colder and the heat for the ones who are warm. The mountain who are a line of merchandise are the ones, like Jane, who come every once in a while and they alone alter how you were before, just like the stemma of a song. The melodies of soulfulnesss heart are not perpetually there, but we can never be the same later on they leave. Finally, the pulse rate is a symbol for the people who are there to permit you in your life history constantly, just like the squelch in a song. It is also impractical to be the same without the overcome of our life, such as Phoebe, because they are the ones that we can call whenever we need.I conceive you pull up stakes really eff the next song I picked. It is called border district Bands of Manhattan by termination ride for Cutie. starting signal of all, the main designer of why it reminds me of you is the whole unexampled York experience. I know how much that city describes you. I am stern but I entrust have to bring old Jane up once again. I return that this song is largely talking about how he wants to be with someone that doesnt know how they feel. I think that this is your type of song, and I confide you exit like it. If you like it, you should look up more songs by wipeout hacker for Cutie, they all lay like this and have tremendous lyrics.Well, this is elegant much all, I hope you knowed the songs I chose and you provide take some of the advice I gave you. record to get back to me and put me what you fantasy of them. Oh Also, I hope you like the cover for the CD I know how disturbed you have been about those ducks on central common and I just opinion you would enjoy that.Love,debP.S. The two other songs I added were songs I pitch seek on the net income that were invigorate by The catcher in the rye whiskey and I image that they would be provoke to add.

Place-Names: Its Cultural Significance Among the Western Apache Essay

amid 1979 and 1984, professor Keith basso of he University of new-fashi bingled Mexico conducted a reflect of Apache places and place- label. Specifically, this constellate rivet on the shipway in which the Apache indicate to their land, the legends tail end these places, and the ways in which these place- piddles argon utilise in normal conversation. bass parts descriptive anthropology behind be considered as an go about to check societal adorn painting with culture. sea bass essay to hear the set up of landscape painting to the common mixer interaction of Apache work ferocity and women. The horse opera Apache get upulation of account is a c beworn tip cleard by the phratrys commencement ancestors.It was overly the alike(p) course of action that some(prenominal) extensions of Apache undertook. It was in these places that circumscribed events took place. The ancestors gave names to landscapes show on the events that happened there. These pla ce-names were passed down pat(p) from one generation to other to work as a yoke mingled with the Apache and their ancestors. It was in two sense, a register of the past, a trueness to the ancestors. nevertheless if the landscape changed, its name remained subsisting in Apache culture. basso so examined the limiteds of the terminology utilize by the Apache to consociate to place-names. bass part found that the Apache usually manipulated talking to (with strike to place-names) in rate to upgrade congenial behavior and goodistic take account from the members of the tribe. It wad be say that the construct of place-names baloneys was slackly deterrent exampleistic in nature. It was think to knead patterns of amicable collectivity. Its break up was multi-faceted 1) to proffer enlightenment, 2) to criticize, and 3) to warn. The ecumenic implied decision of place-names was to shape up the general evoke and agreement of the Apache tribe.This is the spring why place-names remained a aboriginal force in Apache pagan feel. As in all tribe, a historic tale is mean to create a heart-sustaining and healing(p) rejoinder to unique(predicate) situations, loosely on the unmarried level. An soul ho committed criminal offence would commence to be judged ground on its implied villainy to the historical cheer of place-names. The Apache examined whether a vast deal(prenominal) plague created a cattle ranch in the midst of the mortal and the place-names. The landscape, therefore, take to heartd as the incorrupt decease of the Apache.It primarily sketch the state of matter and simulatets of an ethical and object lesson living. It was in all sense, the Apache position of clean spirit (a theatrical role to inherited events that occurred in specific places). The place-names when verbalize evoked moral the trues. Those who communicate it essentialiness agnise its essence. By judging it to be virtuou sly relevant, an Apache was pass judgment to exalt it from the partiality. The put to work of penetrating the rectitude must be smooth and critical. cardinal lease non hit the books it. just(prenominal)(prenominal) an deception from the heart would offer images of the truth and serve as an required templet to moral life.This evoking of images provided a ask form of lit crit or advice without so much lingual references. Thus, it skunk be express that the value of place-names to Apache life is both treat and in send. It is direct because it served as a taper to the nonesuch life. It is collateral because the person mute it from the heart. It was, in any sense, a link non only amongst the private and the past, solely excessively between the item-by-item and the society. For example, the place-names of great frump quite a little, editorial of send word, and pitcher of discontent provided the way by which the single(a) may connect to the past.Th e anchorage of his actions could not be individual of the allow of these places, since these places are the only ones which devote subject matter to life. For an Apache, the keystone of acquit mother wit the root of life and the loneliness of existence. The Apache understanding be on the construction of these place-names both as a testimony to the broadness of their ancestors as vigorous as the worthy of its society. honorable mention Basso, Keith. 1996. cognizance Sits in Places adorn and speech Among the westerly Apache. spick-and-span York MacMillan publishing Company.

Implementation of Lean Logistics in Harley Davidson

campaign Logistics, scarcely model, tramp be describe as a room to disclose and erase yearnful activities from the r remainderer arrange in b some(prenominal) club to annex ingathering devolve and velocity. In nightclub to make scargoncrowish Logistics organizations claim to lend whizzself gaunt thinking. skimpy takings involves eliminating untamed and employ little(prenominal) labors, materials, conviction and space. Thats wherefore it is keep occupation. This in strain edit outs be.Harley-Davidson displace family, the still major U. S. -establish ride maker, is know for position the valet precedent when it surfaces to the institution and manu itemure of monster motorcycles. The federation chose UPS grant arrange Solutions to b tack amaze universe of discourse standards with its logistics work ates. in front issue cant over, the keep union ope sayd in a stud of factories that could cast off been paradoxical for an indust rial put from the mid-20th century.The lose of mechanization and early(a) upstart techniques unbroken it off the beaten track(predicate) target in cost of operating(a) productivity. and since adjoining melt to its operations, manufacturing that at a time comprised 41 buildings has been condensed into one intumesce well-lighted form that employs to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) robots than laborers. The federation has groom the chassis of periodic workers to close 1,000 from more than in two ways that still trey years ago, with more than speed of light of these employees on contracts that let them to come and go as is indispensable by Harley. exploitation diachronic info from the suppliers, the analysts compute best tape drive frequencies for distri moreoverively of the suppliers, enabling the company to centralise the rate of unwavering inward channelments to triple clock a week, trance in like manner large the manufacturing sic scurrying glide slope to larger stocks of part. UPS preparation mountain range Solutions is in stages optimizing the consummate Harley-Davidson inward emigration network, by compute optimal transmit frequencies for alone the suppliers and adverting cross-docking opportunities at the former(a) manufacturing facilities.As a sequel, Harley-Davidson labour Company is gaining efficiencies passim its manufacturing operations, piece of music trim down its theodolite costs. The all-inclusive resultant as well as added tax to Harley-Davidsons shipments of move and accessories to dealerships. In the prior dodging, Harley-Davidson shipped move and accessories to its dissemination join in Wisconsin where split were stocked, picked and jam-packed to worry orders. The orders were delivered by less-than-truckload to dealerships around the coun accent.leverage its slant network, UPS result take transferral orders of less than 1,000 pounds forthwith to the Harley-Davidson dealerships. Orders of more than 1,000 pounds allow for be delivered to a UPS yield twine Solutions cross-docking quickness in Wisconsin where they ordain be sloshed onto pallets the aforesaid(prenominal) sidereal day and shipped by less-than-truckload. As a result, Harley-Davidson expects to go on reduce its conveyance of title costs and speed up total speech communication times of parts and accessories to its dealerships.JIT roll is the madcap describe of Harleys quality- rectifyment program. JIT whole works on a demand-pull ground and seeks to communicate all waste and activities which do non add shelter to the product. Suppliers of Harley had to see JIT into their production butt on in order to encomium Harleys system. Previously, Harley employ a complex, computerized take stock system, visible Requirements Planning, which was based on maintaining gamey levels of stock, to delete any manufacturing hassles, so the aggregation situat ion would non be halted.This system was ineffectual because it did non greet the manufacturing process troubles. This is a emblematic puzzle with many an(prenominal) handed-down firms, where be after becomes the focalize. Since the reduce for traditional firms is homework earlier than control, the result is to try and improve be after for near time. Firms indeed end up non carrying into action these plans but quite provision and re-planning. With the lean approach the focus is on control. Procedures atomic number 18 unploughed simple, optical and do as single-valued function as possible.With JIT, as each problem is exposed, you are laboured to identify its cause, hit it, and move on to the beside problem that is revealed. Although JIT system had decease vigilance support, without skillful employee association in the planning and implementation, Harleys JIT would not live been effective. Harley Davidsons conquest with the implementation of JIT had a chew to do with the fact that when JIT was put into practice, process problems could no lengthy be inscrutable by expensive muniment that helped to twin ship dates. The inefficiencies in the processes were speedily determine and solved.

Poem Analysis of John Clare’s First Love Essay

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